| 翻訳と辞書 |
| Operational - Replacement Training Units ： ウィキペディア英語版 |
Operational - Replacement Training Units
Operational Training Units (OTU) and Replacement Training Units (RTU) were training organizations of the United States Army Air Forces during World War II. Unlike the Army Air Forces Training Command (AAFTC), OTU-RTU units were schools of the four domestic numbered air forces along with I Troop Carrier Command and Air Transport Command, They were inactivated after the end of the war.
OTU-RTU training was the final phase of training for pilots and aircrew before entering combat in one of the overseas Army Air Forces against Nazi Germany, Fascist Italy, and the Japanese Empire. It was known first as Operational Training, then after 1943 when most combat groups were formed, the name was changed to Replacement Training. This instruction was specialized on weapons systems that were being used in combat against enemy forces. Most units which trained the pilots and aircrew were discontinued in 1945/1946.
==History==
When the Army Air Corps began its great expansion program in 1939, no provision for operational training existed outside the combat groups themselves. Graduates of the flying schools were assigned either to fill the requirements of existing combat squadrons or to round out the cadre taken from an older unit to form a new one. Each combat squadron was responsible for training its own personnel in order to meet proficiency standards set by training directives from the GHQ Air Force. This method was developed after World War I, and was used successfully in the peacetime Air Corps of the 1920s and 1930s.〔Part III, Recruitment & Training, Chapter 18, "Combat Crew & Unit Training": Craven, Wesley and Cate, James, The Army Air Forces In World War II, Volume Six: "Men and Planes". New Imprint by the Office of Air Force History Washington, D.C., 1983 〕
However, with war imminent, the number of authorized groups in the Air Corps had risen from twenty-five in April 1939 to eighty-four. With this expansion, the level of experience in all groups had declined sharply, with bad effect on operational training. Although there were other causes for the inefficacy of training, including a shortage of planes and of maintenance services, it was clear enough that the Air Corps could not plan indefinitely upon having enough cadres sufficiently experienced to guarantee prompt lifting of whole units to the desired level of proficiency.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
■ウィキペディアで「Operational - Replacement Training Units」の詳細全文を読む
スポンサード リンク
| 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース |
Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.
|
|